History of Cement in Iran

Historical studies indicate that the Iranians as the Phoenicians and the Greeks and Romans, were able to produce cement that was able to  withstand the pressure and also its strength had been maintained in the presence of water.

The remaining works such as great dams and bridges in different areas of Iran ,as Izadkhast dam that is the first arch dam in the world, also Karkheh and Shadorvan dam. This shows that Iranians have always knew the properties of hydraulic lime. the Greeks learned cooking the lime from Romans and Romans learned it from Iranian. Because the oldest lime mortar discovered in Iran. Even the Chinese knew how to cook lime and about 2000 years ago thy used it in building the Towers of the Great Wall of China. But the Iranian cement and lime are very older than these times. Ethnic groups residing in the northern Gulf used such a Concrete(sarooj) that has  Interestingly hydraulic properties and high resistance. The most famous of this Concrete was Concrete paste that was prepared in Khamir Bandar and still  the Port facilities are built with this type of mortar In places like Lengeh  and Bushehr are stable.
At the present time The first factory in 1933  in Tehran, with a daily capacity of 100 tons, was built near the  Ray, Over time, the demand for this product, the need to other plants became apparent. Accordingly, in 1935 Another plant with capacity of 200 tons was purchased And in 1936 began its construction in the vicinity of the old factory And in 1937 began the operation of the second unit.
Ordinary cement in Iran
Cement Type 1: This type of cement which is also known as ordinary Portland cement concrete is For uses that certain characteristics of the concrete is not required. This type of cement is more abundant than other types of cement. . This type of cement is used on the sidewalk - Road - Concrete bridges - Railways - water tanks - and in masonry construction. In general, in all cases where cement concrete is not at risk of exposure to sulfates and where the  Dehydration of cement leads to increasing Undesirable temperature of the concrete , is used.
Cement type 2: This type of cement is more desirable and is used In cases where we have the attack of The moderate sulfate and Caution is required. Cement type 2,usually is consolidated more slowly than cement type1 ,while produce low heat. This  cement can be used in large buildings so that when it is consolidated, produce less heat and having the lower volume of the  concrete.
Cement type 3:this cement gets High strength in a short time ,that is in one week and its 7 days strength is as same as the strength of   cement type 1 in 18 days. This cement , comparing to cement type 1 produce more heat while consolidating. The cement used when  they want to remove the mold sooner than usual and use the Concrete.it can be used in cold weather too so that the time needed to protect the Concrete was poured , be shortened. However, using more cement mixed with cement type 1, a Concrete can also be made that in a shorter time gets more Resistance , but the cement type 3 can do this better and more advantageous. The cement type 3 is also called fast consolidated.
Cement type 4:it the cement that produce less heat while consolidating and the use  of this type of cement is where Intensity and the amount of heat generated is important. The concrete which is made with this kind of cement gets its resistance later than others. The main use of this is in  The massive concrete structures. In large buildings such as concrete gravity dam, Due to the large volume of concrete, the  temperature rises caused by the concrete consolidating , can be very dangerous. To keep down the temperature, Cement Type 4 is used, which is also called long consolidating.
Cement type 5: Sulphate resistant cement or Type 5 is used when The concrete is in contact with sulfates . The cement is used mainly when the soil or groundwater is in contact with the concrete structure, has a lot of Sulfate solutes. The cement type 5 consolidating later.